4th Kyoto University-Inamori Foundation Joint Kyoto Prize Symposium
http://kuip.hq.kyoto-u.ac.jp/
https://ocw.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/opencourse-en/181
July 2, 2017
[Materials Science and Engineering]
Shanhui Fan
Professor, Stanford University
Title of Presentation
“Nanophotonics and Its Fusion with Topological Science: Synthetic Gauge Potential for Light”
The mathematics of topology concerns the general property of geometric objects that is independent of continuous change of the size and the shape of the objects. The concepts of topology are now widely used to develop deep insights into the fundamental properties of the states of physical matters. Here a key development is the concept of topological robustness. A physical quantity that is related to the topological properties of the physical states tends to be robust against the fluctuation of the systems. In condensed matter physics, the developments of topological concepts have revolutionized our understanding of many-body electronic systems in the past several decades.
In this talk, we highlight the emerging fusion of photonics with topology. For electrons, a key Scapability for creating non-trivial topological effects is through the use of magnetic field. Photons are neutral particles, and therefore there is no naturally occurring magnetic field that couples to photons. Nevertheless, we show that in photonic systems undergoing refractive index modulation, the phase of the modulation in fact provides a synthetic gauge potential and an effective magnetic field for light that breaks time-reversal symmetry for light. The research effort in this direction may lead to the creation of highly versatile on-chip photonic circuits, with enhanced reconfigurability and robustness for information processing.
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